A very long time ago Dagestan was called "country of mountains". And this is true, since there are mountains on its main square. In most cases, they consist of clay rocks, black shales, and limestones and sandstones are also found.
The climate in Dagestan is moderately arid. But as soon as you rise higher into the mountains, strong humidity begins, as the temperature drops. In the mountains, the weather is cool. In winter, it can be up to -40, and in summer up to -12.
At the very tops of the mountains are glaciers. There is always snow here. It is gradually decreasing only during global warming. But if you go down below, you can see beautiful alpine meadows with bright and lush grass and flowers. Some species of animals and birds also live in these places.
Peaks are considered quite young, as their age reaches no more than 20 million years. In this article we will consider the highest mountains in Dagestan.
List
- 10. Achigsyrt, 4000 m
- 9. Balial, 4007 m
- 8. Yarudaga, 4016 m
- 7. Ragdan, 4020 m
- 6. Charyndag, 4084 m
- 5. Deavgay, 4116 m
- 4. Shalbuzdag, 4142 m
- 3. Addala-Schuchgelmeer, 4152 m
- 2. Diclosmta, 4285 m
- 1. Bazarduzu, 4466 m
10. Achigsyrt, 4000 m
Mountain Achigsyrt located on the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range. It has fairly high slopes, so not everyone can climb it.
The name of the mountain is translated from the local language as "not overgrown, open comb". The air is very thin here. The mountain is adjacent to the Caspian Sea and all the winds that blow in this direction, fill everything with moisture.
In the mountain you can see many caves, waterfalls and gorges. Achigsyrt is suitable for extreme sports. It also has excellent hiking conditions.
9. Balial, 4007 m
Balial located in the Greater Caucasus. The mountain is at the junction of two other mountains. In January, the temperature reaches 8 degrees, and in the summer - 12. It features steep slopes.
Juicy, bright alpine grass grows at the foot. You can find rare species of animals and plants.
8. Yarudaga, 4016 m
Mountain Yarudaga translates as "Red mountain". Many locals call it the "mountain of sunrise." About 50 different routes for tourists and climbers have been laid here.
Sometimes in these places the Russian team rehearses ascents. On the territory of the mountain system you can see beautiful, endless meadows and herds of sheep.
7. Ragdan, 4020 m
Mountain peak Ragdan located on the Main Caucasian Range. A little to the east is the most extreme southern point of Russia. The name of the mountain comes from the word taken from the Lezghins - “rag”, which translates as “sun”.
It is worth noting that the temperature here in the winter is about 8-10 degrees, and in the summer - about 12-15 degrees. The slopes of the mountain are often subjected to water erosion. At the foot of the mountain you can see lush alpine meadows with grass. And quite good vegetation is raging at the very top. You can find quite rare species of plants.
Also on the slopes of the mountains are often large animals. Among them there are even rare species, for example, leopard. In these places it can be seen extremely rarely, but few still succeed.
6. Charyndag, 4084 m
Mountain Charyndag located on the Dividing Range. It is worth noting that the border between Russia and Azerbaijan runs along the very top here.
In sunny, clear weather, a magnificent view of the most important Caucasus Range opens from the mountain. From here you can see the tops of mountains such as Malkamud, Ragdan and others. It fascinates tourists and climbers with its splendor. But not many can boast of climbing it.
At the very top is snow, but the temperature does not drop so low. Below, at the foot of the vegetation pleases the eye.
5. Deavgay, 4116 m
Mountain Deavgay located in the Greater Caucasus. This is the highest point of the Helmets-Akhtyn Range. The top itself has a slightly concave shape. There are always snow on it.
The slopes of the mountains are quite rocky. The northern part of the mountain forms a steep black shale wall with large volumes of snow. And on the south side there are steep slopes with an ice-snow cornice.
It is worth noting that for the first time a scientist from Russia with the surname Becker climbed the mountain. This happened in 1872. A little later, in 1972, a whole group of K. Akhmedkhanov climbed here.
The name Deavgay, the mountain received for a reason. One very interesting story is connected with this. In 1837, an imam named Shamil with his detachment came to Rutul (a small village in Dagestan). This was immediately reported to the Russian people. To catch Shamil, many troops were sent.
When the Russian peoples besieged the village, the leader of the Rutulians, Agabek, decided to distract them. He left the village and began to attack the city. The Russians besieged him, throwing all their strength into it. They captured many people.
They tried for a long time to find out where the imam was hiding. But the inhabitants answered them "De augay"Which means"Try find". The Russians with their troops went to the mountain, which is now called Deavgay.
4. Shalbuzdag, 4142 m
On the mountain Shalbuzdag there is not much snow, but at the very top you can meet it. Many rivers pass here, which originate on the slopes. Some of them flow into the Russian river - Samur, and others - into tributaries.
It is worth noting that since ancient times, this mountain was called sacred. Every year at the same time, visits to holy places begin. They take place on the 20th of July, and end on the same dates of August.
Indescribable views open from Shalbuzdag mountain. They fascinate tourists that they come back here again and again.
3. Addala-Schuchgelmeer, 4152 m
Addala-Schuchgelmeer located in the eastern part of the Greater Caucasus. The shape resembles ridges that are pulled to the top. If you look at it from a bird's eye view, it looks like a star.
In the west of the mountain there are ice ridges, from under which many tributaries originate. For the first time, a German climber Gottfried climbed a mountain in 1892. Addala was the last on the list of his subjugations. Prior to that, he studied many mountain ranges of the Caucasus.
During the climb, Gottfried measured the height of the mountain. But she became known only with the help of precision instruments that appeared in the second half of the 20th century. In 1935, the famous academician Augustus climbed the mountain.
It is worth noting that in 2009, a feature film was shot about eco-hiking on the Addal-Schuhhelmeer mountain.
2. Diclosmta, 4285 m
Diclosmta It is located on the natural border of Chechnya, Georgia and Dagestan. Translated from Chechen means "Snow ridge". The massif is quite multi-peaked and consists of shales and sandstones.
Getting to the mountain is very difficult. Most conveniently, tourists lay the ascent route from Georgia. But only the most experienced can climb. In most cases, climbs are made with a good guide.
It is worth noting that many rivers, such as the Chero, Gakko and others, originate here. Many of them are considered tributaries that approach fairly large rivers.
In different sources you can find information about Diklosmt. In many pre-revolutionary books, the mountain is called Zana-Court, which translates as "Mountain asking for rain". It can be said that the name is connected with the pagan past.
1. Bazarduzu, 4466 m
Mountain Bazarduzu - known as the southernmost point of Russia. This is the last high break, after which a decrease in relief is observed. Numerous rivers flow from the slopes.
Here in places you can find traces of glaciation. In most cases, in the northern and western parts. Translated from the Azerbaijani language, the name of the mountain is translated as "market Square».
This is due to the fact that earlier in one of the valleys an annual fair was held. It gathered various merchants from all over the world. The mountain was dominant and was visible from afar. When a huge ice wall stood in front of people, they understood that they had to turn left and would not go that far.